VESPASIAN, TITUS FLAVIUS°

VESPASIAN, TITUS FLAVIUS°
VESPASIAN, TITUS FLAVIUS° (c. 9–79 C.E.), Roman emperor 69–79 C.E. After the defeat of cestius gallus in Judea, Nero appointed Vespasian commander of the army with the duty of crushing the revolt in Judea. Vespasian conquered Galilee, the coast of Judea, and Transjordan in 67–68, and began making preparations for a decisive attack on Jerusalem. On learning of Nero's death he interrupted the war. When Servius Sulpicius Galba was proclaimed emperor, Vespasian sent his son titus to him to pay his respects, and subsequently also swore allegiance to Otto and to Vitellius Aulus, who were appointed emperors after Galba. The idea had apparently already entered his mind to gain the throne but only under the influence of the Syrian governor, caius licinus mucianus , did he resolve to implement it. Vespasian was proclaimed emperor by the governor of Egypt, tiberius julius alexander , on July 1, 69, which was subsequently officially recognized as the day he ascended the throne (Dies imperii). The legions in Judea followed in the wake of the Egyptian legions and also proclaimed him emperor. Vespasian decided to remain in Egypt for some time to prevent grain from being sent to Rome. Gradually, all the army commanders and their legions went over to Vespasian; the last opposition was in Rome. However, the Praetorian guard which fought on the side of Vitellius was subdued, Vitellius was killed, and Vespasian was recognized as emperor by the Senate. In 69 he proceeded to Rome and began to bring order into the state which had been in a chaotic condition since the death of Nero. In 71 Vespasian arranged a magnificent triumph over conquered Judea and closed the doors of the temple to the god Janus as a sign that peace had returned to the state. The building of the temple of the god of peace, Pax, served the same purpose. For Vespasian's attitude to the rebels in Ereẓ Israel and to the Jews in the Roman Empire generally, see josephus , rome . -BIBLIOGRAPHY: A. Shalit, in: Tarbiz (1936), 159–80; W. Weber, Josephus und Vespasian (1921); G.A. Stevenson, in: Cambridge Ancient History, 10 (1934); M.P. Charlesworth, ibid., 11 (1936); L. Homo, Vespasian (1950). (Abraham Schalit)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Vespasian, Titus Flavius — (c. 9–79)    Roman emperor 69–79. Vespasian was born to middle class parents. He trained for the army and served in Thrace, Crete, Cyrene and Britain. He was at Emperor Nero’s headquarters in Greece in 66 when he was sent at the head of a large… …   Who’s Who in Jewish History after the period of the Old Testament

  • Titus Flavius — may refer to*Titus Flavius Vespasianus, the Roman Emperor Titus *Titus Flavius Domitianus, the Roman Emperor Domitian *Titus Flavius Sabinus Vespasius, the Roman Emperor Vespasian *Titus Flavius Clemens, consul and cousin of Domitian *Clement of… …   Wikipedia

  • Titus Flavius Sabinus — was the name of four notable Ancient Romans, father, son, grandson and great grandson.*Titus Flavius Sabinus (father of Vespasian) *Titus Flavius Sabinus (consul 47) *Titus Flavius Sabinus (consul 69) *Titus Flavius Sabinus (consul 82) …   Wikipedia

  • VESPASIAN, TITUS FLAVIUS VESPASIANUS —    Roman emperor (from 70 to 79) and tenth of the 12 Cæsars, born in the Sabine territory of humble parentage; rose by his valour to high rank in the army and in favour with it, till at length he was elected by it to the throne; he had waged war… …   The Nuttall Encyclopaedia

  • Titus Flavius Vespasianus — Vespasian Vespasian (ursprünglich Titus Flavius Vespasianus, als Kaiser Caesar Vespasianus Augustus; * 17. November 9 in Falacrinae; † 23. Juni 79 in Aquae Cutiliae) war vom 1. Juli 69 bis 23. Juni 79 römischer Kaiser. Er konnte den Bürgerkrieg… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Titus Flavius Clemens (consul) — Titus Flavius Clemens was a great nephew of the Roman Emperor Vespasian. He was the son of Titus Flavius Sabinus (consul 69), brother to Titus Flavius Sabinus (consul 82) and a second cousin to Roman Emperors to Titus and Domitian. In classical… …   Wikipedia

  • TITUS, FLAVIUS VESPASIANUS° — TITUS, FLAVIUS VESPASIANUS,° emperor of Rome, 79–81 C.E., destroyer of the Second temple in 70. Titus was the son of vespasian and accompanied him to Judea when he was appointed by nero to suppress the uprising there (66). Arriving in Judea with… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Titus Flavius Clemens — (* um 50 (?) in Rom; † 95), auch kurz Flavius Clemens genannt, war ein römischer Politiker (Konsul des Jahres 95) und ein enger Verwandter des flavischen Kaiserhauses, der auf Initiative Kaiser Domitians ermordet wurde. Ein später behaupteter… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Titus Flavius Sabinus (Suffektkonsul 47) — Titus Flavius Sabinus (* um 8 n. Chr.; † Dezember 69 n. Chr. in Rom) war ein römischer Senator, Bruder des Kaisers Vespasian und Onkel von Titus und Domitian. Sabinus war ein Sohn des Steuerpächters gleichen Namens und der Vespasia Polla. Er und… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Titus Flavius Vespasianus — (30. december 30 13. september 81), romersk kejser fra 79 81, ældste søn af Vespasian (69 79). Claudius (41 54) lod Titus opdrage sammen med sin egen søn Britannicus. Nero (54 68) sendte Vespasian til Afrika som statholder, og i år 66 fik han… …   Danske encyklopædi

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”